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Fire, Water, Air, Earth, Electricity, and Plant life.
Well, the first four were the foundations of theory of alchemy, which promoted a threoy of construction of the universe. By this teory the last 2 elements are extension of the others.
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The 4 elements (fire, water, earth, air) were considered the basic substances which the world was composed:
Fire was the equivalent to energy;
Water is equated to water, water solutions & possible liquids in general;
Earth was equated as the soil (dust), minerals, etc. which came out of the earth;
Air was that which we breathe, ie. gases & vapors. (smoke & breathe (during cold weather) formed vapor or visible manifested it's being.
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Greek Theory of the atomos is that the substance of our existence could be divided untill it would reached a particle which could no longer be subdivided called today atoms of the elements. By definition & by the early concept atoms were in fact molecules which compsoe all substance.
This Greek philosophy probable origin from observations such that earth metals were mined as ore which was crushed into a grandular powder rinsed with water then the heavier particles were gather and heated into a molten state.
The Age of Bronze was the product of man's finding that copper & bronze (mixture of copper & tin, etc by proportions) produced metal tools and weapons.